Grupul editorial Universul Juridic

In this book, I make use of concepts such as collective identity, identity construction, migration as discursive resource and ethnicity in tackling the question of how identity is constructed by the interviewees in their interactions with the researchers. More specifically, a certain part of this constructionist setting is emphasized: the role played by migration as concept brought by interviewees into the discussion flow in order to define social categories or, in social identity theory’s vocabulary, in-groups and out-groups. Given this analytical orientation, using as introduction the words and story of a migrant among those whose voices I present and discuss seemed only natural.

The book is not focused on migration as phenomenon, and it does not place it in causal relations to states of facts. Instead, it is a proposition to explore discourses and narratives of migration and the shifts in various social definitions performed within them. It basically brings forward migration and identity as two related concepts and explores how the latter is constantly redefined in reference to the former. The theoretical perspectives that link identity and migration presented here are assimilation and transnationalism, and, albeit from different directions, they both relate to issues such as integration and dealing with borders, be they political, social or psychological.

References

Allport, G.W., (1954), The nature of prejudice. Cambridge: Addison-Wesley.

Alba, R. & Nee, V., (1997), Rethinking Assimilation Theory for New a New Era of Immigration. International Migration Review 31(1997), 826-874.

Ahmed, S., (1999), Home and Away. Narratives of Migration and

Estrangement. International Journal of Cultural Studies,

2, 329-347.

Arango, J, Graeme, H., Kouaouci, A., Pellegrino, A. & Taylor, J.E., (1998), Worlds in Motion: International Migration at the End of the Millennium, Oxford.

Bamberg, M., (2004), Considering Counter Narratives. In: Bamberg, M. & Andrews, M. Considering  Counter  Narratives: Narrating, Resisting, Making Sense. Amsterdam, John Benjamins.

Barth, F. (ed.)., (1998), Ethnic Groups and Boundaries: The Social Organization of Culture Difference. Long Grove, Illinois, Waveland Press, Inc.

Bastia, T., (2014), Intersectionality, migration and development.

Progress in Development Studies, 14(3), 237-248. Bleahu, A., (2004), Romanian migration to Spain. Motivations,

networks and strategies. Public Policy Centre. [Online] Available at: http://pdc.ceu.hu/archive/00003393/ [accessed February 28, 2015]

Bonifazi, C. & Sabatino, D., (2003), Albanian Migration to Italy: What  Official Data and Survey Results Can  Reveal. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 29, 967-995.

Bradatan, C.E. & Sandu, D., (2012), Before Crisis: Gender and

Economic  Outcomes  of  the  Two  Largest  Immigrant

Communities in Spain. International Migration Review

46 (1), 221-243.

Brettel, C.B. & Sargent, C.F., (2006), Migration, Identity and Citizenship: Anthropological Perspectives. The American Behavioral Scientist, 50(1).

Brewer, M.B. & Gardner, W., (1996), Who Is This „We”? Levels of Collective Identity and Self Representations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71(1), 83-93.

Brubaker, R., (2001), The return of assimilation? Changing perspectives on immigration and its sequels in France, Germany, and the United States. Journal of Ethnic and Racial Studies, 24(4): 531-548.

Bruner, J., (1991), The Narrative Construction of Reality, Critical

Inquiry, 18, 1-21.

Bruner, J., (2004), Life as Narrative, Social Research, 71, 691-710. Castles, S., (2007), The Factors that Make and Unmake Migration

Policies. In: Portes, A. (ed.) & DeWind, J. (ed.) Rethinking Migration. New Theoretical and Empirical Perspectives. New York, Berghahn Books, pp. 29-61.

Cerulo, K.A., (2000), IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION: New Issues, New

Directions. Annual Review of Sociology, 23, 385-409. Chai,  S.K.,  (2005),  Predicting  Ethnic  Boundaries.  European

Sociological Review, 21(4), 375-391.

Chiriac, M., (2005), Provocarile diversitatii. Politici publice privind minoritatile nationale si religioase in Romania [Diversity’s Challenges. Public Policies on National and Religious Minorities in Romania]. Cluj Napoca, Centrul de Resurse pentru Diversitate Etnoculturala.

Constantinescu, M., (2005), The importance of reference system in international migration: the duality origin country – destination country or system perspective?. In: Rusu, H. (ed.) & Voicu, B. (ed.) European Integration from East to East: Civil Society and Ethnic Minorities in a Changing Worl. Sibiu, Psihomedia, pp. 31-46.

Csepeli, G. & Simon, D., (2004), Construction of Roma identity in Eastern and Central Europe: perception and self- identification. Journal of  Ethnic  and Migration Studies,

30(1), 129-150.

Crenshaw, K., (1991), Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color. Stanford Law Review, 43(6), 1241-1299.

Curran, S.R., & Saguy A.C., (2001), Migration and Cultural Change: A Role for Gender and Social Networks? Journal of International Women’s Studies 2 (3), 54-77.

Davis, Be. & Winters P., (2001), Gender, Networks and Mexico-US Migration. The Journal of Development Studies 32(2), 1-26.

Day, D., (2005), Conversation Analysis and Membership Categories.

The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics. Blackwell

Publishing.

Ebaugh, H.R. & Saltzman Chafetz J. (eds.), (2002), Religion Across Borders: Transnational Immigrant Networks. Walnut Creek. AltaMira Press.

Elrick, T. & Ciobanu, O., (2009), Migration networks and policy impacts: insights from Romanian-Spanish migrations. Global Networks 9 (1), 100-116.

Eyal, G, Townsley, E. & Szeleny, I., (2001), Making Capitalism without Capitalists: The New Ruling Elites in Eastern Europe. Bucuresti, Omega.

Fawcett, J.T., (1989), Networks, Linkages, and Migration Systems.

International Migration Revie, 23 (3), 671-680.

Fortuny-Loret de Mola, P., (2002), The Santa Cena of the Luz Del Mundo      Church: A Case of Contemporary Transnationalism. In: Ebaugh H. R. & Saltzman Chafetz J. (eds.) Religion across Borders: Transnational Immigrant Networks. Walnut Creek: Alta Mira Press, pp. 15-50.

Fox, J.E. & Jones, D., (2013), Migration, everyday life and the ethnicity bias. Ethnicities, 13(4), 385-400.

Frith, H. & Kitzinger, C., (1998), “Emotion Work” as a Participant Resource: A Feminist Analysis of Young Women’s Talk- in-Interaction, Sociology, 32, 299-320.

Gans, H.J., (2007), Discussion Article: Acculturation, assimilation and mobility. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 30(1): 152-164.

Ghorashi, H., (2004), How Dual Is Transnational Identity?

A Debate on Dual Positioning of Diaspora Organizations.

Culture and Organization, 10(4), 329-340.

Glick Schiller, N., Basch, L. & Szanton Blanc, C., (1995), From Immigrant to Transmigrant: Theorizing Transnational Migration. Anthropological Quarterly 68(1995), 48-63.

Gordon, M., (1964), The Nature of Assimilation in Assimilation in

American Life. New York: Oxford University Press, 60-83. Greenman, E. & Yu, X., (2008), IS ASSIMILATION THEORY DEAD?

THE  EFFECT  OF  ASSIMILATION  ON  ADOLESCENT WELL-BEING. Social Science Research, 37(1), 109-137.

Gutierrez, D.G., (1999), Migration, Emergent Ethnicity, and the “Third Space”: The Shifting Politics of Nationalism in Greater Mexico. The Journal of American History, 86(2),

481-517.

Hagan, J.M., (1998), Social Networks, Gender, and Immigrant Incorporation: Resources and Constraints. American Sociological Review, 63 (1), 55-67.

Hall, S., (2000), Who needs “identity”?. In du Gay P., Evans, J. and Redman, P. (eds.), Identity: a reader. Sage Publications Inc., pp. 15-30.

Haller, W., Portes, A. & Scott M.L., (2011), Dreams Fulfilled and Shattered: Determinants of Segmented Assimilation in the Second Generation. Social Forces, 89(3).

Hammersley, M., (2002), Conversation Analysis and Discourse

Analysis: Methods or Paradigms? Discourse & Society,

14, 751-781.

Hogg, M.A., Terry, D.J. & White, K.M., (1995), A  Tale o  Two Theories: A Critical Comparison of Identity Theory with Social  Identity  Theory.  Social  Psychology  Quarterly,

58(4), 255-269.

Hraba, J. & Hoiberg, E., (1983), Ideational Origins of Modern Theories of Ethnicity: Individual Freedom vs. Organizational Growth. The Sociological Quarterly,

24(3), 381-391.

Hu,  X. & Salazar,  M.A., (2005), Dynamic Change of Migrant Networks: How migrant networks change under changing     environment. [Online]  Available at: http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Xiaojiang_Hu/pu blications/. [accessed February 15, 2014].

Ignatoiu-Sora, E., (2011), The discrimination discourse in relation to the Roma: its limits and benefits. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 34(10), 1697-1714.

Jenkins, R., (2000), Categorization: Identity, Social Process and

Epistemology. Current Sociology. 48(3), 7-25. Jenkins, R., (2008), Social Identity. London, Routledge.

Jones, A., (1998), Migration, Ethnicity and Conflict: Oxfam’s Experience of Working with Roma Communities in Tuzla. Bosnia-Hercegovina. Gender and Development,

6(1), 57-62.

Kohler Riessman, C., (2003), Narrative Analysis in Narrative, Memory and Everyday Life. In: Lewis-Beck, M.S (ed.), Bryman, A.  (ed.) &  Gutingo Liao, T.  (ed.) The  Sage Encyclopedia of Social Science Research Methods, Sage Publications.

Koser, K., (2007), International Migration. A Very Short

Introduction. New York, Oxford University Press.

Kurien, P., (2001), Religion, ethnicity and politics: Hindu and Muslim Indian immigrants in the United States. Ethnic and Racial Studies 24(2), 263-93.

Levitt,  P.,  (2001),  Transnational  migration:  taking  stock  and future directions. Global Networks, 1(3),195–216.

Levitt, P., (2003),“You Know, Abraham Was Really the First Immigrant": Religion and Transnational Migration. International Migration Review 37(3), 847-873.

Levitt, P. & Jaworsky B.N., (2007), Transnational Migration Studies: Past Developments and Future Trends. Annual Review of Sociology 33 (1): 129–56.

Lieberson, S., (1961), A societal Theory of Race and Ethnic Relations.

American Sociological Association, 26(6), 902-910.

Light, I, Bhachu, P. & Karageorgis, S., (1989), Migration Networks and         Immigrant Entrepreneurship. In California Immigrants in World Perspective: The Conference Papers, April 1990, Institute for Social Science Research. Los                  Angeles: UC. [Online] Available  at: http://escholarship.org/uc/item/50g990sk.[accessed

23 May, 2014].

Lubbers, M.J., Molina, J.L. & McCarthy, C., (2007), Personal Networks and Ethnic Identifications: The Case of Migrants in Spain. International Sociology, 22 (6), 721-741.

Maldonado, M.M., (2009), “It is their nature to do menial labour’: the racialization of “Latino/a workers” by agricultural employers. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 32(6), 1017-1036.

Martinez, R.V., (2011), The Romanian Migrants in Spain. An Exceptional Migratory Flow. International Review of Social Research, 1 (1), 31-59.

Massey, D.S., Arango, J., Graeme, H., Kouaouci, A., Pellegrino, A. & Taylor, E.J., (1993), Theories of International Migration: A Review and Appraisal. Population and Development Review 19 (3), 431-466.

McGarry, A., (2008), Ethnic Group Identity and the Roma Social Movement: Transnational Organizing Structures of Representation. Nationalities Papers: The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity, 36(3), 449-470.

McGarry, A., (2011), The Roma Voice in the European Union: Between    National Belonging and Transnational Identity. Social Movement Studies: Journal of Social, Cultural and Political Protest, 10(3), 283-297.

van Meeteren, M. & Pereira, S., (2013), The differential role of social networks. Strategies and routes in Brazilian migration to Portugal and the Netherlands. International Migration Institute Working Papers Series, 66.

Mihai, I.A., (2009), Capitalul social al migrantilor. In: Sandu, D. (ed.),     Comunitati Romanesti in Spania. Bucuresti, Fundatia Soros Romania, pp. 82-92.

Mills, C.W., (1940), Situated Actions and Vocabularies of Motives.

American Sociological Review, 13, 904-9.

Mummendey, A., Kessler, T, Klink, A. & Mielke, R., (1999), Strategies     to Cope with Negative Social Identity: Predictions by Social Identity Theory and Relative Deprivation Theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76(2), 229-245.

Nagel, J., (1994), Constructing Ethnicity: Creating and Recreating

Ethnic Identity  and Culture. Social Problems, 41(1),

152-176.

Pantea, M.C., 2013, Social ties at work: Roma migrants and the community dynamics. Ethnic and Racial Studies,

36(11), 1726-1744.

Phinney, J.S., Horenczyk, G., Liebkind, K. & Vedder, P., (2001), Ethnic        Identity, Immigration, and  Well-Being: An Interactional      Perspective.  Journal  of   Social  Issues,

57(3), 493-510.

Portes, A. & Zhou, M., (1993), The New Second Generation: Segmented Assimilation and its Variants. ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES. 530 (November): 74-96.

Portes, A., (1998), SOCIAL CAPITAL: Its Origins and Applications in

Modern Sociology. Annual Review of Sociology 24:1-24. Portes, A., Guarnizo, L.E. & Landolt, P., (1999), The  study of

transnationalism: pitfalls and promise of an emergent research field. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 22(2), 217-237.

Quintero Rivera, A.G. & Ortega Brena, M., (2007),  Migration, Ethnicity, and Interactions between the United States and    Hispanic Caribbean Popular  Culture. Latin American Perspectives, 34(1), 83-93.

Radu, C., (2001), De la Crangeni-Teleorman spre Spania: antreprenoriat, adventism si migratie circulatorie. Sociologie Romaneasca 1 (4), 215-231.

Ribeiro,  D. & Gomez, M., (1996),  Ethnicity and Civilization.

Dialectical Anthropology, 21(3/4), 217-238.

Roulston, K., (2010), Considering Quality in Qualitative

Interviewing. Qualitative Research, 10 (2010), 199-228. Rusu,  Horatiu, (2008), Schimbare  sociala  si  identitate  socio-

culturala. Iasi, Institutul European.

Sandu,   D., (2000), Migratia transnationala  a romanilor  din perspectiva unui recensamant comunitar [The transnational migration of Romanians from the perspective of a community census]. Sociologie Romaneasca 3(4), 5-52.

Sandu, D., (2005), Locuirea temporara in strainatate. Migratia economica a romanilor:1990-2006 [Living abroad on a temporary basis. The economic migration of

Romanians: 1990-2006]. Bucuresti, Fundatia pentru o

Societate Deschisa.

Sandu, D., (2006), Living Abroad on a Temporary Basis. The Economic  Migration of  Romanians: 1990-2006. Bucuresti: Fundatia pentru o Societate Deschisa.

Sandu, D., (2006), Exploring Europe through Work Migration:

1990-2000. In: Sandu, D. Living Abroad on a Temporary  Basis.  The Economic  Migration  of Romanians: 1990-2006. Bucuresti, Fundatia pentru o Societate Deschisa, pp. 17-40.

Sandu,  D., (2010), The Social Worlds of  Romanian Migration

Abroad. Iasi, Editura Polirom.

Silverstein, P.A., (2005), Immigrant Racialization and the New Savage Slot: Race, Migration, and Immigration in the New Europe. Annual Review of Anthropology, 34, 363-384.

Slavkova, M., (2008), Being Gypsy in Europe. The Case of

Bulgarian Roma Workers in Spain. Balkanologie 11 (1-

2): 2-16.

Smith-Lovin, L. & MacPherson J.M., (1993), You Are Who You Know: A Network Approach to Gender. In: England, P. (ed.) Theory on Gender, Feminism on Theory. New York: Aldine de Guyter. pp. 223-254.

Stets, J.E., Burke, J., (2000), Identity Theory and Social Identity

Theory. Social Psychology Quarterly, 63(3): 224-237.

Serban, M. & Grigoras, V., (2000), “Dogenii din Teleorman in tara si in strainatate. Un studiu asupra migratiei circulatorii in Spania [The Dogeni from Teleorman at home and abroad. A study on circulatory migration to Spain]. ” Sociologie Romaneasca 2: 30-54.

Serban, M., (2009), “Proxima parada: Coslada.” In: Sandu, D. (ed.) Comunitati Romanesti in Spania [Romanian Communities in Spain]. Bucuresti, Fundatia Soros Romania, pp.14-20.

Serban, M., (2011), Dinamica migratiei internationale: un exercitiu asupra migratiei romanesti in Spania [The dynamics of international migration: an exercise on Romanian migration to Spain]. Iasi, Editura Lumen.

Tilly, C., (1991), Transplanted Networks. In: Yans-McLaughlin, V. (ed.) Immigration Reconsidered: History, Sociology and Politics, New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 79-95.

Troc, G., (2012), Patterns  of  Migration and Economic Development in Southern Danube Micro-region. Studia Europaea 3, 85-116.

Turner, J.C, Oakes, P.J., Haslam, S.A., McGarty, C., (1994), Self and Collective: Cognition and Social Context. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 20(5), 454-463.

Verdery, K., (1996), The “Etatization” of Time in Ceausescu’s Romania. In: What Was Socialism and What  Comes Next. Princeton University Press, pp. 39-57.

Vertovec, S., (2000), New Landscapes of Religion in the West.

Religion and Diaspora. School of Geography and the

Environment, University of Oxford.

Vlasceanu, L., (2007), Sociology and Modernity. Transitions towards Reflexive Modernity. Iasi, Editura Polirom.

Voicu, B. & Vasile, M., (2014), Do “Cultures of Life Satisfaction” Travel? A Cross-European Study of Immigrants. Current Sociology, 62(2014), 81-99.

Wan, E. & Vanderwerf, M., (2009), A review of the literature on ethnicity, national identity and related missiological studies. Global Missiology, April.

Wimmer, A., (2004), Does ethnicity matter? Everyday group formation in three Swiss immigration neighbourhoods. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 27(1), 1-36.

Yamamoto, K., (2015), Mobilization, Flexibility of Identity, and Ethnic  Cleavage. Journal of Artificial Societies  and Social  Simulation, 18 (2)  8. [Online] Available  at

<http://jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk/18/2/8.html>. [Accessed on 10.06.2015 ].

Yang, F. & Ebaugh, H.R., (2001), Transformations in New Immigrant Religions and Their Global Implications. American Sociological Review 66(2), 269-88.

Yang, F. & Ebaugh, H.R., (2001), Religion and Ethnicity Among

New Immigrants: The Impact of Majority/Minority

Status in Home and Host Countries. Journal for the

Scientific Study of Religion 40(3), 367-78.

Yehuda, A., (1969), Contact hypothesis in ethnic relations.

Psychological Bulletin 71(5), 319-342.